Super Humans: The Future Of Genetics

Super Humans: The Future Of Genetics

Genius, world class athlete, 200 year life expectancy.  By unlocking our genetic code this could be a description of every single human being in the near future.  In the past few hundred years we've discovered the laws of gravity, how to utilize electricity, the theory of relativity, vaccinations, and so much more.  Only recently in the 20th century have we started delving into the building blocks of what makes us, well, us.  Millions of years of human evolution has resulted in Homo Sapiens as the dominant, most intelligent species on Earth.  Today we are on the verge of changing the course of humanity through the ability to manipulate these genetic building blocks; the newest technology is ourselves.

Ahead I'll briefly lay out the history of genetics, how we've successfully manipulated genetics with plants and animals, and finally how genetic engineering will change the human race drastically.


A Brief History

• Around 1200 BC humans started selectively breeding plants and dogs, although we had no idea of the mechanisms we were manipulating at this point.  
• Humans would unknowingly continue to refine selective breeding until 1866, when Gregor Mendel, using pea plants, presented his controversial Mendelian Inheritance Laws (Recessive & Dominant traits, aka when you learned about blue eyes being recessive in school, see below).  

Thought You'd Never See It Again, Huh?

• Finally Thomas Hunt Morgan proved Mendel's recessive & dominant trait through extensive studies of fruit fly genetics.  Fruit flies live short lives and have large bundles of offspring, allowing Morgan to study the impact of hundreds of generations of genetic evolution in a short time.  In 1915 Morgan went on to combine his and Mendel's findings in The Mechanism of Mendelian Heredity, which is considered the foundation of modern genetics.  

This Is Harry Houdini But Does It Really Matter?

• For the next 60 years our understanding of genetics slowly improved until the boom of modern genetics in 1977.  In that year British biochemist Fred Sanger and his team sequenced DNA for the first time in history using the Sanger Method ("dideoxy" chain-termination method).  
• Dolly the sheep became the first animal ever cloned in 1996.  
• In 2003 the 13 year Human Genome project was completed, where scientists successfully mapped 92% of the human genome at 99% accuracy, setting up our look into the future of humans.  Now, Google will even sequence and store your genome for a mere $25 a year.
  

GMO Plants & Animals 

Before going into how human genetic engineering is changing the world, it is helpful to observe examples of how we've already been successfully utilizing similar techniques for plants and animals. Humans have only known about genetics for about 150 years, yet we've unknowingly utilized genetics for thousands of years through selective breeding.  Selective breeding is simply playing with genetics on a long term scale by breeding plants/animals with more desirable characteristics.  The first domesticated animal was thought to be the grey wolf (descendant of modern dogs) around 12,000 BC, while the first plants enhanced was a type of wheat around 10,500 BC.

Sometimes We Mess Up Though...

So what have thousands of years of genetic manipulation brought us today?  Genetically Modified Organism, or GMO, is the modern application of genetics to plants and animals. Over 50% of plants in the US are GMO plants, but how are these genetically selected plants different?  By removing and inserting experimental genes, crops have developed resistance to pests/herbicides, increased nutrition, higher yields, and even production of new drugs. Bill Gates has donated $15 million to the development of a vitamin packed, bio-fortified GMO banana, which is supposed to be grown in poverty stricken areas of Africa and India to combat nutritional deficiencies.  At the same time opposition of these methods claim there are issues in labeling/regulating these products, there aren't enough studies to know what adverse effects could come from GMOs in the long run, and even scares over viruses becoming resistant to pesticides.

Could You Imagine?

We have also experimented with genetic engineering on animals.  While experimenting on mice, hoping to replicate results with humans, scientists were able to produce significant muscle growth that lasted into old age without needing additional exercise, as well as a super endurance gene. Elsewhere, scientists in Switzerland found how to utilize a gene in Fruit Flies (that's also found in humans) to increase median life spans by 50-60%.  While these results are on simpler species in a laboratory setting, the applications to humans are real and receiving significant research.

Super Humans

Taking all that we've learned from our mistakes, our successes, and exponential technology growth, we are left at a point in time where genetically engineered enhancements to humans is very real. Human genetic engineering begins by understanding our genes through complex sequencing.  As mentioned above, by 2003 we had already sequenced 92% of the human genome at 99% accuracy, and this is only getting cheaper and easier.  With our increase in understanding comes technological progression to the point that scientists have small enough tools to physically manipulate DNA, and thus our genetic code.  There are 2 key benefits: Decreasing negative genetic mutations and increasing positive genetic mutations.

Some people are naturally born with positive random genetic mutations that, if studied and understood, could potentially be inserted into the rest of the population.  Here are some 4 documented genetic anomalies that might lead to scientific breakthroughs soon:

Genetic Mutation	How?
Super Endurance	High response to Erythropoietin, causes abnormal amount of Red Blood Cells
Super Strength	Unregulated Myostatin inhibitors, muscle fibers don't slow down growth
Less Sleep	Abnormal DEC2 gene, shorter REM cycles, some need only 4 hours of sleep
Dense Bones	Mutated SOST gene, gain bone mass through unregulated bone growth

Doctors Hate Him!  Unregulate Myostatin Inhibitors With One Simple Pill!

The other area of genetic engineering that could save lives is decreasing negative genetic mutations. Genetic Diseases include Cystic Fibrosis, Breast/Colon Cancer, Huntington's Disease, and many more.  By finding the gene responsible for these diseases early in a person's life, a scientist could presumably cut out or destroy these mutated genes that can cause terrible problems later in life. 

If scientists do find a way to "install" these genes in the general population you can imagine the endless possibilities, and China might be nearly there.  You're probably starting to see the rich possibilities that exist with genetic engineering, and while China has a far lead in this field, there are many potential dangers.  China's culture is well known to have a long term orientation (they think about the effect something might cause for several generations ahead) and thus they have been experimenting with genetic engineering for several years.  The Chinese BGI Gognitive Genomics Project is sequencing DNA from 1,000 high IQ individuals around the world in order to be able to predict genes with high correlation with intelligence.  They could then allow couples to select their "most-intelligent eggs" and effectively increase IQ's from 5-15 points per generation.


Perhaps overly pessimistic in nature (but perhaps not), the possibility of creating superior intelligence should excite/scare people.  However instead of working together to further humanity genetics could also be the next nuclear war type scenario; the countries with the most advanced genetic engineering would have the strongest, fastest, and smartest soldiers as well as general population.

Who Will Come First: Wolverine Or Iron Man?

Genetic engineering offers us endless possibilities as a species, but much like AI, endless dangers if not regulated and used responsibly.  For now the chance to end certain diseases and improve people's health is simply too intriguing.  Only time will tell how much we are able to unravel the greatest mysteries of ourselves.

 “I have all these great genes, but they're recessive. That's the problem here.” – Calvin
-Ryan Gardner

Ultramodern Storefronts: 3 Ways Your Experience Will Change

Ultramodern Storefronts

Marketing is one of several internal departments for any successful business, yet it's the only department that has any meaningful interaction with us, the customers.  The most important advancements in marketing today are not focused on which product is being made, but rather how the product's being purchased.  

Shopping With Real Things Is So 2013

The future of the consumer experience is dependent on millions of complicated variables, making it a massive, blurred topic.  There are, however, several awesome trends emerging in terms of what we may soon encounter.  From being offered unique coupons based on what isle of the grocery store you're in, to integrated retail websites utilizing big data, or even crazy in store technologies like using your phone to pay without ever touching it; this evolution of marketing is helping consumers to receive more relevant and convenient offers than ever before in history.  This pertains to you if you've ever bought anything, so let's have knowledge on what we're going up against.

Mobile Payments

One trend that people are noticing is the ability to eliminate a wallet and pay for things with your phone.  First, a history of what has brought us to this point.  For thousands of years our ancestors bartered to pay for goods, and around 3,000 BC bartering was standardized for the first time (in the form of rice).  In 1,000 BC China began using bronze coins and finally around the 7th century China adapted the first paper money, to make money lighter.  Today coins and paper money are slowly moving out of society in exchange for more convenient, electronic payment methods like credit cards (1949), ACH transfers (1972), PayPal (1998), and more.  The million dollar question then becomes: What's next?

Cyclical, We'll Next Revert Back To Trading Cows

The answer appears to be our phones.  The changing of money has constantly been focused on making payments convenient and they're about to jump forward in this category.  Spurred on by the success in encrypting currency achieved by Bitcoin, companies like Apple and Google are jumping in the "convenience payment" game.  ApplePay, Google Wallet, and PayPal are three of the largest players involved.  ApplyPay and Google Wallet can be thought of simply as having your credit card integrated into your phone, and then using Near Field Technology (available in many retail locations already) to scan the phone and process payment.  PayPal takes a similar approach but in the online retail space.  Ideally these mobile payment methods would enable any phone owner to be able to fill a shopping cart and walk straight out of the store, with sensors in the doors registering payment the second you step outside.  On its own mobile payments are bringing convenience but no major changes, it's what technologies marketers want to pair mobile payments with that completes the puzzle of a futuristic shopping experience. 


Location Based Advertising

These Thingies? Totally Near Field Technology

Location Based Advertising (LBA), at its core, is as basic as it sounds: Advertise to the customer based on what city they're in.  Only recently has this technology become modernized and moved towards a more individualistic experience.  By using Bluetooth and Near Field Communication instead of satellite positioning, LBA is able to pinpoint where unique customers are to within 1 meter (satellite is to within 30 meters) based on their phone. Combining this geo-data with complex algorithms is truly the future of marketing.  Another cool technology being developed, similar to Near Field Communication, has been proposed by Philips.  Philips had the thought to use LED lights instead of the Near Field Communication, in the same way a remote communicates to a TV.  

Fun, Relevant Fact (Read: Hands on Learning):  If you point your TV remote straight at your smart phone camera and look at your smart phone screen you will see a flashing light from the remote as you press buttons.  This light is not on the visible spectrum for humans, however, so look at the same spot on the TV remote without your smart phone and you won't see the light.  Go try it, I'll wait here.

A scenario of how this technology could be used might go as follows.  Bob the consumer drives down the road and passes Walmart, where a notification pops onto his smart phone that Walmart will give him 5% off today only.  Bob sees an opportunity, stops what he's doing to grab some things at Walmart, and the first thing he passes is bananas.  Bob loves bananas but he has a few specific items he wants today, so he pauses briefly in front of the bananas before moving further into the labyrinth. Walmart knows from Bob's purchase history that he eats bananas, and thanks to LBA Walmart now knows Bob considered buying bananas today due to his 3 second pause in that banana section.  Bob finishes his list and as he walks to the front to check out he again passes the bananas.  This time his phone buzzes and what do you know, Bob receives a 40% off notification for bananas at Walmart today, and Bob buys bananas.  Alternatively, Bob might be browsing the cereal isle when his favorite cereal company (based on purchase history) sends him a buy one get one free offer, too irresistible to pass up.  

Meet Bob, Bob, Bob, & Bob, Potentially.

While LBA is useful and cool, the major changes will come from Big Data.


Big Data

Let's finish with something controversial, big data.  Big data will (and already has) change our interaction with companies nearly as much as any marketing technique in modern history.  Consumer information is the most powerful advantage a business possesses, and big data is specific info on billions of existing and potential customers across the globe.  As I've alluded to when talking about LBA, the first source of Big Data is purchase history and registrations.  We see purchase history used everyday in targeted ads on Facebook, Google, Amazon, and more.  I enjoy watches and thus I've bought a few online.  Naturally when I visit any website I see "On Sale Today!" ads for not only watches, but specific watch brands I already own that are also within my price range.  This is only a start to the possibilities Big Data presents corporations.  

Corporations have ceaselessly sustained efforts to collect and sell as much information as possible. Our lives are wired with voice assistance and instant internet capabilities with smart phones and smart TVs (or the Amazon Echo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KkOCeAtKHIc).  We've essentially entered the Age of the Consumer, ordering any product in seconds from a device in your pocket.  If that's not enough for you, Amazon's Prime Air service (expected to start in 2015) will have drones drop off your products at any possible landing spot 30 minutes or less.  

Target Practice With Rewards, For Hunters

Personally I'm terrified about the depth of knowledge corporations have on us yet I'm still so excited at the possibilities we're afforded with new technology.  If you're not sharing a similar sentiment, check out this bit of data gathering glory.  If you have location services on your phone and use Google maps, you bet there's a place to see everywhere you've ever been.  Use your Google account (or check out a friend's) on this page.  https://maps.google.com/locationhistory/
Here's me on January 26th 2014 for an example:

But...

There's still a huge human factor to marketing products and winning a consumers heart that Big Data can't bridge on its own.  Take Leo Burnett as an example.  While not a household name himself, the brands he created were huge parts in various corporations rise into consumers' homes.  Leo created characters like the Jolly Green Giant, Tony The Tiger, Charlie The Tuna, Pillsbury Doughboy, Keebler Elves, Toucan Sam, and more.  Steve Jobs is well known to have spearheaded the marketing movement that led to many Apple users having a fierce brand loyalty, so much so that competition is often not even given consideration.  Neither of these marketing phenomena were by Big Data.  So yes Big Data understands us and helps individually tailor every consumers experience, it will never give us the satisfaction we get during Super Bowl commercial breaks...

Whassssuuuppp?!?!?!

-Ryan Gardner

Intelligent Life in the Universe

Infantile Giganticus Among Other Species

The thought of civilizations far away (or perhaps nearby) making contact with humans has captivated humans for most of history, and is even a constant component in our vast entertainment industries today. Apart from religions, which have commonly described Gods as cosmic beings for thousands of years, the first documented mention of alien life forms came in the 2nd century in the form of a satire called "True History" by Lucian.  Since then we have seen aliens referenced consistently throughout history; from 10th century Japanese tales, to 17th century Baroque literature, into modern media with War of the Worlds (1940), Star Trek (1966), E.T. (1982), and The Avengers (2012).

Hollywood isn't the only one pondering aliens.  Science has also taken a fascination with extraterrestrial life and have quietly offered some interesting thoughts as to what might be lurking in the Universe.  I'll discuss some of the more thought-provoking concepts below, including the Fermi Paradox, Drake Equation, SETI, and more.

To begin we'll start with the assumption that because the Universe is so large, there must be intelligent life out there, right?  The Fermi Paradox came from scientists wondering that if this were true, why haven't we met these life forms?  It states four key assumptions:

1. Our Sun is 4.6 billion years old, the Universe is 13.8 billion years old, and there are billions of stars like our sun that are much older.
2. Some of these stars have habitable zones that produce planets similar to Earth, where life can evolve into intelligent life over billions of years.
3. Some of these civilizations would be capable of interstellar travel if we're already considering such technology (like the Alcubierre Drive).
4. In a time scale of billions of years, galaxies should be colonized within a few million years of interstellar travel becoming possible.

Even conservative calculations predict the proper heavy elements were around and conditions were stable enough for habitable planets to start forming roughly 12 billion years ago.  At nearly 8 billion years older than Earth itself, these ancient planets have had more than enough time for millions of advanced civilizations to have been born and passed on already.  Going back to the Fermi Paradox, if we assume those 4 points are valid, Earth should have been colonized or at least visited, yet we've never observed evidence of other civilizations.  From this starting points there are many great arguments as to why we haven't made contact.  

The Drake Equation is a famous formula meant to estimate the number of technological civilizations in the Universe, and equals (and skip this if you don't care, seriously):

R (rate of star formation) * Fp (fraction having planets) *  Ne (average # of life supporting planets per star that has planets) * Fl (planets that could support life / planets that would develop life) * Fi (fraction that would then develop intelligent life) * Fc (fraction that would have technology we could observe signs of) * L (length of time those signals would be released into space)

The Picture Summary For Those That Don't Care, Seriously

Each element of the equation is based in some field of science, but still are reliant on variables that depend on who is inputting the calculations, and can result in widely varied estimates of the number of advanced civilizations.  The wide results range from 2 intelligent civilizations to 280,000,000. 280,000,000 is a huge number but the fact that the low is still greater than 1 should be the more important observation.

Deferring to the great thinkers on this subject, Steven Hawking proposed 4 possibilities as to why we had not observed the intelligent life that should be out there.  

1. The first possibility is that perhaps life is such an extremely rare occurrence that there are only 2 or 3 civilizations separated by the vastness of the Universe.  With only one species of intelligent life to observe, our sample size is too small to know how likely life is to form, although most scientists agree it should form fairly easily in the vastness of space and time.  
2. The second possibility is that evolution of intelligence is not necessarily beneficial to survival, and so intelligence evolves from such random mutations that there may be life everywhere in the Universe but it doesn't evolve past the intelligence of most alpha predators on Earth (just enough to live comfortably on instincts).  Part of the support for this proposal is that it took around 2.5 billion years on Earth to evolve from single cell to multicell organisms, from there life required more resources to grow into bigger animals.  Large meteor strikes would wipe out any organism bigger than small mammals, which scientists predict might occur around once every 20 million years.  It's been 70 million years since the last such strike, which is an abnormal amount of time, and fortunately enough for intelligent life to come around.  
3. The third possibility Hawking presented was that when civilization enters the external transmission phase (develops written language) life eventually destroys itself (nuclear war, global neglect, artificial intelligence, etc).  Hopefully this isn't the case for humanities sake.
4. The fourth possibility is that we have simply overlooked signs of intelligent life so far, and that is exactly why Hawking is a firm backer of SETI.

SETI, or Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence, was initially a United States government project until private funding took over in 1995.  SETI itself is a collection of entities, led by Harvard and University of Cal, Berkeley, that looks for signs of intelligent life (non naturally forming occurrances) such as electromagnetic radiation and gamma-ray bursts, and continues to search today. 

Waiting For The Next Columbus

There is another possibility that many are probably wondering about, which is that intelligence life has traveled past Earth, or maybe even stopped off to visit.  One line of thinking revolves around the assumption that intelligent life knows about mankind and chooses to remain secret.  They might choose to remain secret in order to study us.  Or, they might simply not care.  If they're vastly technologically superior the common metaphor is that a human wouldn't stop to interact with an anthill in the same way an extremely advanced species wouldn't stop to interact with a species that hasn't even colonized its neighboring planets.  Additionally, if a person dropped a candy wrapper next to the anthill the ants wouldn't know that the wrapper isn't naturally occurring and instead comes from an advanced species, so perhaps we've overlooked their presence.  If that sounds outrageous, consider: Basic tribes were all that existed on Earth 8,000 years ago, and considering where we are today, how might a human in 40,000 years look at us today? What about 40 million or the 8 billion years planets might have existed with intelligent life before us?

If we don't want to wait patiently to be discovered we will need to travel and colonize the planets. Luckily we have about 5 billion years before our sun explodes, at which point our solar system should be a distant memory.  Of course in 15 billion years the rest of the stars will die out according to the Second Law of Thermodynamics, but there's no reason we can currently foresee us not living on forever. In the near term we need our species to find a way to live when Earth is depleted, as it will be one day (go see Interstellar).  Luckily we're intelligent life and that means be adapt.  According to Hawking we've entered a new stage of self designed evolution where we'll evolve, through technology, at an exponential rate until one day we're cruising the cosmos with the other civilizations.

-Ryan Gardner

But Seriously, A Warp Drive?

Seriously, a warp drive.

As I mentioned in my last post (A 3D Future?), the idea that something like a warp drive could work within the laws of physics might easily be the most exciting concept of the next 100 years, although one based purely in theory and requiring significant funding and effort.

The science for the idea has been around since 1994 from theoretical physicist Miguel Alcubierre.  He wrapped theoretical science like relativity around the stunning idea that humans can travel faster than the speed of light to come up with the Alcubierre Drive.  When Einstein came up with the theory of relativity mankind began to unravel the mysteries of physics and the universe.  Einstein's famous formula says that E=MC2, or, energy equals mass times the speed of light squared.  Therefore, as we near zero mass (molecule/photon small), to have any significant energy would require immense speed.  The greatest speed we could imagine is the speed of light in a vacuum (no friction) which comes out to just over 186,000 MPH.  Except that's not true.

The Alcubierre Drive, Colorful Lights Not Included

A Simple Quote From A Super Simple Man

The key to this is dark energy.  Dark energy is 75%-85% of matter in the universe yet we know very little about it.  Think of dark matter as the water of the Pacific Ocean, with planets, stars, or anything else with mass represented by fish.  If the fastest fish swims forward at 150,000 MPH (less than the speed of light) we can observe this speed.  However, we're also in the current moving across the Pacific at an additional 200,000 MPH, but this is relative to us so we still say the fish is moving 150,000 MPH, not 350,000 MPH.  Dark matter is the water we float in, and it doesn't follow normal rules.  Imagine pushing a few Skittles into a Play-Doh disk and then stretching the Play-Doh out, the Play-Doh is the expanding fabric of the universe that is pushing planets (Skittles) further away from each other.  To conclude, dark matter can expand and contract faster than the speed of light.  The Alcubierre Drive is simply finding a way to ride that wave.

Not Play-Doh

Artists Interpretation Of Dark Matter, Allegedly

The Alcubierre Drive itself is not a spacecraft, but rather a device attached to a spacecraft that creates a massive amount of energy, expands space behind your ship, and contracts space in front of the ship.  If you refer to the picture below the mechanics are more obvious.  The (1) on the left side is space being expanded behind the ship (think of a wave coming up out of the ocean propelling you forward), while the (3) on the right side is space being contracted in front of the ship (literally there is less space between the ship and its destination, like a breaking wave).

Imagine Turning Headlights On Going Faster Than Light

Hopefully you're excited about the possibilities at this point, but there are many difficulties still standing in the way of this becoming reality, the first of which is the need for massive amounts of energy.  Initially Alcubierre formulated that to generate enough energy to bend space would require a Jupiter sized object.  However in 2011 Harold White (a NASA engineer) played with the equation and and discovered that a slight change in shape and thickness could shrink the required equipment from Jupiter sized to 1,600 pounds!  The technology to generate the energy would most likely utilize something called the Casimir Effect for those interested, but that's a whole other article in itself.  Additional problems include that what happens within the expanding/contracting bubble as well as the effects of decelerating from such a high speed are unknown.  Either way, the theory has enough roots in reality that NASA moved the project up from 'conjecture' to 'speculation'.

North America To Scale On Jupiter. Keep Running Forrest.

If we can ignore the fact that such technology may take decades to work, if it ever does at all, we can imagine some truly awesome possibilities.  In terms of speed, travelling to our closest neighbor star takes over 4 years at the speed of light, but only about 2 weeks with Alcubierre's Drive. Extrapolating forward that means that humans would suddenly possess the ability to travel to other hospitable planets, and either colonize or meet colonies of other galaxies.  Limited resources would suddenly be unlimited with the ability to mine/collect these resources from unique asteroids and planets everywhere.

Like the Earth sized planet made out of diamond 40 light years away worth $26.9 Nonillion, or for those like me not well versed in numbers over the Trillions: $26,900,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000.

That's Gonna Be One Lucky Girl

If the Alcubierre Drive doesn't work we can always look at the Krasnikov tube or worm holes.  Until then just hope we see something like this in our lifetimes, it would be more important than just about every invention leading up to it, combined.  Plus I'd really love to shake hands with an alien.

-Ryan Gardner

A 3D Future?

A 3D Future?

If you were to observe mankind 400 years ago and compare it to mankind 4,000 years ago you would see an eerily similar picture, with only some added diversity and a small number of living conveniences to set us apart.  However, the past 400 years have been a time that has changed everything we know about ourselves and the world around us, bringing us to the technology reliant society we are today. 

But what’s next?  To think about technology in huge waves, or revolutions, is one way to observe the great changes of humans.  A leader on the subject, Dr. Daniel Smihula proposed that humanity has gone through 5 distinct technological revolutions in modern history:
1. The Financial-agricultural revolution (1600–1740)
2. The Industrial revolution (1780–1840)
3. The Technical revolution (1880–1920)
4. Scientific-technical revolution (1940–1970)
5. The Information and telecommunications revolution (1985–2000).
6. ???

 First, you may notice a pattern in the years.  Life changing periods of innovation are compounding on each other and growing technology at an exponential pace.  The time from the start of the early Financial-agricultural revolution to the start of the Industrial revolution took 180 years.  180 years of improving crop yields to sustain larger populations and freeing up more manpower before we could move on to the Industrial revolution and greater innovations like the railroad, textiles, and iron.  100 years passed and next came the Technical revolution in 1880 which brought to us steam power, machine tools, and more.  After the start of the Technical revolution it only took 60 years to enter the Scientific-technical revolution and bring the world nuclear energy and space flight.  Lastly we only needed to wait 45 brief years for the globe to connect with the internet in the Information and telecommunications revolution from 1985-2000.

Most people agree the Information revolution ended around the year 2000 with the internet bubble.  That has left many people wondering when the next great technological revolution will begin.  It has been 29 years since the last revolution, 16 year shorter than the previous period of "rest", and although it is difficult to see the Present in historical context, we are already in the next revolution, 3D printing.  As technology begins converging to the point of Artificial Intelligence, space colonization, nanotechnology, and even unlocking our genetic code, the lines begin to blur at the massive, exponential growth of technology and what could come next. 

If any one idea can help to grasp this growth it is Moore’s Law (the number of transistors in a circuit doubles every two years).  Since 1970 (the end of the Scientific-technical revolution) computers have essentially become 10 million times as powerful, and your iPhone now has more computing power than the Apollo 11 that landed us on the moon. 

So where does 3D printing come in? Everywhere.

3D printing is finding a way into every industry across the globe much in the same way the internet changed business in the 2000’s.  There are 3D printers already being used to help with surgery, build cars, enhance style, and so much more.

There are two very opposite directions in which 3D printing seems primed to completely change the way we live over the next two years.  Complex details, and huge manufacturing.  On the complex side 3D printing is allowing us to print at .5 millimeters detail in our own homes, with industrial printers being even more finely calibrated.  This allows us to construct amazing design concepts as well as small parts like an ear (as they did at Cornell University) if printing with a skin mimic material.

Sweet, Beautiful Complexity

Sorry Van Gogh

On the other side we’re seeing modern manufacturing methods being destroyed with the cheaper and quicker 3D printing available.   Local Motors in Chicago just printed a full car as many car companies have phased in 3D prints as part of their assembly lines already.  Even bigger comes the ability to print entire houses, like Chinese company WinSun has perfected, now printing as many as 10 house in a single day!

Making Smart Cars Cool?

Making Cookie Cutting Cool?

So where are we heading with this incredible technology? It’s up to business owners everywhere to decide that just as they did with the internet 20 years ago.  We have seen surgeons print replica jaws of a patient to practice the exact jaw surgery they are about to do before attempting on the patient.  Acoustic guitars are being printed and customized in seconds.  You can get yourself scanned and printed as a mini figurine.  A man in Japan was even arrested for firing a 3D printed gun recently. 

This is not a fad.  It is today.  It is tomorrow. It is the next revolution of mankind, and one this author hopes will be the last terrestrial revolution before we colonize the cosmos in 3D printed ships with warp drives, seriously. (http://www.nasa.gov/centers/glenn/technology/warp/warpstat_prt.htm)

-Ryan Gardner

To learn more about 3D printing visit these great pages:

20 Awesome 3D Prints: http://www.hongkiat.com/blog/3d-printings/

3D Printing Basics Overview: http://3dprinting.com/what-is-3d-printing/

Up To Date 3D Printing News: http://www.3ders.org/